Logical Deduction Questions & Answers for Logical Reasoning of MPSC | STI | PSI
Directions to solve :
In each question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You must take the two statements to be true even if they seem to contradict the generally known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the conclusions logically following two statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
Leave a reply:
(A) If either I or II follows
(B) If only conclusion I follows
(C) If only conclusion II follows
(D) If neither I nor II follows and
(E) If both I and II follow.
1. Statements: No women teacher can play. Some women teachers are athletes.
Conclusions:
Male athletes can play.
Some athletes can play.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
2. Statements: All bags are cakes. All lamps are cakes.
Conclusions:
Some lamps are bags.
No lamp is bag.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
3. Statements: All mangoes are golden in colour. No golden-coloured things are inexpensive.
Conclusions:
All mangoes are inexpensive.
Golden-coloured mangoes are not inexpensive.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
4. Statements: Some kings are queens. All queens are beautiful.
Conclusions:
All kings are beautiful.
All queens are kings.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
5. Statements: Some doctors are fools. Some fools are rich.
Conclusions:
Some doctors are rich
Some rich are doctors.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
Answers:
1-D
Clarification:
Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative. So, neither conclusion follows.
2-C
Clarification:
Since the middle term 'cakes' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows. However, I and II involve only the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. So, either I or II follows.
3-B
Clarification:
Clearly, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No mango is inexpensive'. Since all mangoes are golden in colour, we may substitute 'mangoes' with 'golden-coloured mangoes'. Thus, II follows.
4-D
Clarification:
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular. So, neither I nor II follows.
5-D
Clarification:
Since both the premises are particular, no definite conclusion follows.
In each question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You must take the two statements to be true even if they seem to contradict the generally known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the conclusions logically following two statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
Leave a reply:
(A) If either I or II follows
(B) If only conclusion I follows
(C) If only conclusion II follows
(D) If neither I nor II follows and
(E) If both I and II follow.
1. Statements: No women teacher can play. Some women teachers are athletes.
Conclusions:
Male athletes can play.
Some athletes can play.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
2. Statements: All bags are cakes. All lamps are cakes.
Conclusions:
Some lamps are bags.
No lamp is bag.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
3. Statements: All mangoes are golden in colour. No golden-coloured things are inexpensive.
Conclusions:
All mangoes are inexpensive.
Golden-coloured mangoes are not inexpensive.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
4. Statements: Some kings are queens. All queens are beautiful.
Conclusions:
All kings are beautiful.
All queens are kings.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
5. Statements: Some doctors are fools. Some fools are rich.
Conclusions:
Some doctors are rich
Some rich are doctors.
A. Only conclusion I follows
B. Only conclusion II follows
C. Either I or II follows
D. Neither I nor II follows
E. Both I and II follow
Answers:
1-D
Clarification:
Since one premise is negative, the conclusion must be negative. So, neither conclusion follows.
2-C
Clarification:
Since the middle term 'cakes' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows. However, I and II involve only the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. So, either I or II follows.
3-B
Clarification:
Clearly, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No mango is inexpensive'. Since all mangoes are golden in colour, we may substitute 'mangoes' with 'golden-coloured mangoes'. Thus, II follows.
4-D
Clarification:
Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular. So, neither I nor II follows.
5-D
Clarification:
Since both the premises are particular, no definite conclusion follows.